Table 1: Values of χDi for Atoms in Covalent Species
Atom |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Atom |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Atom |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Atom |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
Ag |
–31.0 |
C (ring) |
–6.24 |
Li |
–4.2 |
S |
–15.0 |
Al |
–13.0 |
Ca |
–15.9 |
Mg |
–10.0 |
Sb(III) |
–74.0 |
As(III) |
–20.9 |
Cl |
–20.1 |
N (ring) |
–4.61 |
Se |
–23.0 |
As(V) |
–43.0 |
F |
–6.3 |
N (open chain) |
–5.57 |
Si |
–13 |
B |
–7.0 |
H |
–2.93 |
Na |
–9.2 |
Sn(IV) |
–30 |
Bi |
–192.0 |
Hg(II) |
–33.0 |
O |
–4.6 |
Te |
–37.3 |
Br |
–30.6 |
I |
–44.6 |
P |
–26.3 |
Tl(I) |
–40.0 |
C |
–6.00 |
K |
–18.5 |
Pb(II) |
–46.0 |
Zn |
–13.5 |
Table 2: Values of λi for Specific Bond Types
Bonda |
λi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Bond |
λi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Bond |
λi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Bond |
λi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
| C=C |
+5.5 |
Cl–CR2CR2–Cl |
+4.3 |
Ar–Br |
–3.5 |
Imidazole |
+8.0 |
| C≡C |
+0.8 |
R2CCl2 |
+1.44 |
Ar–Cl |
–2.5 |
Isoxazole |
+1.0 |
| C=C–C=C |
+10.6 |
RCHCl2 |
+6.43 |
Ar–I |
–3.5 |
Morpholine |
+5.5 |
| Ar–C≡C–Arb |
+3.85 |
C–Br |
+4.1 |
Ar–COOH |
–1.5 |
Piperazine |
+7.0 |
| CH2=CH–CH2–(allyl) |
+4.5 |
Br–CR2CR2–Br |
+6.24 |
Ar–C(=O)NH2 |
–1.5 |
Piperidine |
+3.0 |
| C=O |
+6.3 |
C–I |
+4.1 |
R2C=N–N=CR2 |
+10.2 |
Pyrazine |
+9.0 |
| COOH |
–5.0 |
Ar–OH |
–1 |
RC≡C–C(=O)R |
+0.8 |
Pyridine |
+0.5 |
| COOR |
–5.0 |
Ar–NR2 |
+1 |
Benzene |
–1.4c |
Pyrimidine |
+6.5 |
| C(=O)NH2 |
–3.5 |
Ar–C(=O)R |
–1.5 |
Cyclobutane |
+7.2 |
α-, or γ-Pyrone |
–1.4 |
| N=N |
+1.85 |
Ar–COOR |
–1.5 |
Cyclohexadiene |
+10.56 |
Pyrrole |
–3.5 |
| C=N– |
+8.15 |
Ar–C=C |
–1.00 |
Cyclohexane |
+3.0 |
Pyrrolidine |
+0.0 |
| –C≡N |
+0.8 |
Ar–C≡C |
–1.5 |
Cyclohexene |
+6.9 |
Tetrahydrofuran |
+0.0 |
| –N≡C |
+0.0 |
Ar–OR |
–1 |
Cyclopentane |
+0.0 |
Thiazole |
–3.0 |
| N=O |
+1.7 |
Ar–CHO |
–1.5 |
Cyclopropane |
+7.2 |
Thiophene |
–7.0 |
| –NO2 |
–2.0 |
Ar–Ar |
–0.5 |
Dioxane |
+5.5 |
Triazine |
–1.4 |
| C–Cl |
+3.1 |
Ar–NO2 |
–0.5 |
Furan |
–2.5 |
|
|
aOrdinary C–H and C–C single bonds are assumed to have a λ value of 0.0 emu mol–1. bThe symbol Ar represents an aryl ring. cSome sources list the λ value for a benzene ring as –18.00 to which three times λ(C=C) must then be added. To minimize the calculations involved, this convention was not followed such that λ values given for aromatic rings are assumed to automatically take into account the corresponding double bonds in the ring.
Table 3: Values of χDi for Anions
Anion |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Anion |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Anion |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Anion |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
| AsO33– |
–51 |
C6H5COO– |
–71 |
NCO– |
–23 |
S2O32– |
–46 |
| AsO43– |
–60 |
CO32– |
–28.0 |
NCS– |
–31.0 |
S2O82– |
–78 |
| BF4– |
–37 |
C2O42– |
–34 |
O2– |
–12.0a |
HSO4– |
–35.0 |
| BO33– |
–35 |
F– |
–9.1 |
OAc– |
–31.5 |
Se2– |
–48b |
| Br– |
–34.6 |
HCOO– |
–17 |
OH– |
–12.0 |
SeO32– |
–44 |
| BrO3– |
–40 |
I– |
–50.6 |
PO33– |
–42 |
SeO42– |
–51 |
| Cl– |
–23.4 |
IO3– |
–51 |
PtCl62– |
–148 |
SiO32– |
–36 |
| ClO3– |
–30.2 |
IO4– |
–51.9 |
S2– |
–30 |
Te2– |
–70 |
| ClO4– |
–32.0 |
NO2– |
–10.0 |
SO32– |
–38 |
TeO32– |
–63 |
| CN– |
–13.0 |
NO3– |
–18.9 |
SO42– |
–40.1 |
TeO42– |
–55 |
| C5H5– |
–65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aThe value of χDi for O2- is reported as –6.0 in some sources. bThis value is uncertain.
Table 4: Values of χDi for Common Ligands
Ligand |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Ligand |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Ligand |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Ligand |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
| Acac– |
–52 |
Ethylene |
–15 |
NH3 |
–18 |
Pyrazine |
–50 |
| Bipy |
–105 |
Glycinate |
–37 |
Phen |
–128 |
Pyridine |
–49 |
| CO |
–10 |
H2O |
–13 |
o-PBMA |
–194 |
Salen2– |
–182 |
| C5H5– |
–65 |
Hyrdazine |
–20 |
Phthalocyanine |
–442 |
Urea |
–34 |
| En |
–46.5 |
Malonate |
–45 |
PPh3 |
–167 |
|
|
Note: Abbreviations: acac = acetylacetonate, bipy = 2,2’-dipyridyl, en = ethylenediamine, phen = phenanthroline, PBMA = phenylenebisdimethylarsine, salen = ethylenebis(salicylaminate):
Table 5: Values of χDi for Common Solvents of Crystallization
Solvent |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Solvent |
χDi /(1 x 10-6 emu mol-1) |
Solvent |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Solvent |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
| CCl4 |
–66.8 |
CH3CN |
–27.8 |
CH3C(=O)OC(=O)CH3 |
–52.8 |
Cyclohexane |
–68 |
| CHCl3 |
–58.9 |
1,2-C2H4Cl2 |
–59.6 |
CH3CH2CH2CN |
–50.4 |
Hexane |
–74.1 |
| CH2Cl2 |
–46.6 |
CH3COOH |
–31.8 |
CH3C(=O)OCH2CH3 |
–54.1 |
Triethylamine |
–83.3 |
| CH3Cl |
–32.0 |
CH3CH2OH |
–33.7 |
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH |
–56.4 |
Benzonitrile |
–65.2 |
| CH3NO2 |
–21.0 |
HOCH2CH2OH |
–38.9 |
CH3CH2OCH2CH3 |
–55.5 |
Toluene |
–65.6 |
| CH3OH |
–21.4 |
CH3CH2SH |
–44.9 |
Pentane |
–61.5 |
Isooctane |
–99.1 |
| CCl3COOH |
–73.0 |
CH3C(=O)CH3 |
–33.8 |
o-Dichlorobenzene |
–84.4 |
Naphthalene |
–91.6 |
| CF3COOH |
–43.3 |
|
|
Benzene |
–54.8 |
|
|
Table 6: Values of χDi for Cations
Cation |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Cation |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Cation |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Cation |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
Cation |
χDi /(1 x 10-6
emu mol-1) |
|
| Ag+ |
–28 |
Dy3+ |
–19 |
Mo2+ |
–31 |
Pt2+ |
–40 |
Te4+ |
–14 |
| Ag2+ |
–24a |
Er3+ |
–18 |
Mo3+ |
–23 |
Pt3+ |
–33 |
Te6+ |
–12 |
| Al3+ |
–2 |
Eu2+ |
–22 |
Mo4+ |
–17 |
Pt4+ |
–28 |
Th4+ |
–23 |
| As3+ |
–9a |
Eu3+ |
–20 |
Mo5+ |
–12 |
Rb+ |
–22.5 |
Ti3+ |
–9 |
| As5+ |
–6 |
Fe2+ |
–13 |
Mo6+ |
–7 |
Re3+ |
–36 |
Ti4+ |
–5 |
| Au+ |
–40a |
Fe3+ |
–10 |
N5+ |
–0.1 |
Re4+ |
–28 |
Tl+ |
–35.7 |
| Au3+ |
–32 |
Ga3+ |
–8 |
NH4+ |
–13.3 |
Re6+ |
–16 |
Tl3+ |
–31 |
| B3+ |
–0.2 |
Ge4+ |
–7 |
N(CH3)4+ |
–52 |
Re7+ |
–12 |
Tm3+ |
–18 |
| Ba2+ |
–26.5 |
Gd3+ |
–20 |
N(C2H5)4+ |
–101 |
Rh3+ |
–22 |
U3+ |
–46 |
| Be2+ |
–0.4 |
H+ |
0 |
Na+ |
–6.8 |
Rh4+ |
–18 |
U4+ |
–35 |
| Bi3+ |
–25a |
Hf4+ |
–16 |
Nb+5 |
–9 |
Ru3+ |
–23 |
U5+ |
–26 |
| Bi5+ |
–23 |
Hg2+ |
–40.0 |
Nd3+ |
–20 |
Ru4+ |
–18 |
U6+ |
–19 |
| Br5+ |
–6 |
Ho3+ |
–19 |
Ni2+ |
–12 |
S4+ |
–3 |
V2+ |
–15 |
| C4+ |
–0.1 |
I5+ |
–12 |
Os2+ |
–44 |
S6+ |
–1 |
V3+ |
–10 |
| Ca2+ |
–10.4 |
I7+ |
–10 |
Os3+ |
–36 |
Sb3+ |
–17a |
V4+ |
–7 |
| Cd2+ |
–24 |
In3+ |
–19 |
Os4+ |
–29 |
Sb5+ |
–14 |
V5+ |
–4 |
| Ce3+ |
–20 |
Ir+ |
–50 |
Os6+ |
–18 |
Sc3+ |
–6 |
VO2+ |
–12.5 |
| Ce4+ |
–17 |
Ir2+ |
–42 |
Os8+ |
–11 |
Se4+ |
–8 |
W2+ |
–41 |
| Cl5+ |
–2 |
Ir3+ |
–35 |
P3+ |
–4 |
Se6+ |
–5 |
W3+ |
–36 |
| Co2+ |
–12 |
Ir4+ |
–29 |
P5+ |
–1 |
Si4+ |
–1 |
W4+ |
–23 |
| Co3+ |
–10 |
Ir5+ |
–20 |
Pb2+ |
–32.0 |
Sm2+ |
–23 |
W5+ |
–19 |
| Cr2+ |
–15 |
K+ |
–14.9 |
Pb4+ |
–26 |
Sm3+ |
–20 |
W6+ |
–13 |
| Cr3+ |
–11 |
La3+ |
–20 |
Pd2+ |
–25 |
Sn2+ |
–20 |
Y3+ |
–12 |
| Cr4+ |
–8 |
Li+ |
–1.0 |
Pd4+ |
–18 |
Sn4+ |
–16 |
Yb2+ |
–20 |
| Cr5+ |
–5 |
Lu3+ |
–17 |
Pm3+ |
–27 |
Sr2+ |
–19.0 |
Yb3+ |
–18 |
| Cr6+ |
–3 |
Mg2+ |
–5.0 |
Pr3+ |
–20 |
Ta5+ |
–14 |
Zn2+ |
–15.0 |
| Cs+ |
–35.0 |
Mn2+ |
–14 |
Pr4+ |
–18 |
Tb3+ |
–19 |
Zr4+ |
–10 |
| Cu+ |
–12 |
Mn3+ |
–10 |
|
|
Tb4+ |
–17 |
|
|
| Cu2+ |
–11 |
Mn4+ |
–8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aThis value is uncertain.