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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 1997  > May  >
Chemistry Everyday for Everyone
The Chemistry of Paper Preservation: Part 4. Alkaline Paper
Henry A. Carter
Department of Chemistry, Augustana University College, 4901-46 Avenue, Camrose, AB Canada T4V 2R3
Cover
May 1997
Vol. 74 No. 5
p. 508
Abstract
The inherent instability of old papers is largely due to the presence of acids which catalyze the hydrolytic degradation of cellulose. The use of alkaline paper can minimize the problem of acidity for new papers. This study focuses on the chemistry involved in the sizing of both acid and alkaline papers and the types of fillers used. The waterproofing agent that is used in acid paper is alum-precipitated rosin size, which tends to spread and create a hydrophobic surfaces over the cellulose fibers. Alkaline paper uses the synthetic sizing agents, alkyl ketene dimers(AKD) and alkyl succinic anhydrides (ASA). These alkaline sizing agents become chemically bound to the cellulose fibers with hydrophobic chains pointing outward, producing a water repellent surface. The sizing reactions take place in a neutral-to-alkaline medium. Calcium carbonate can then be used as a filler to replace expensive titanium dioxide. Finally, the advantages and potential problems in alkaline paper making are discussed.
More Information
*  Citation
 Carter, Henry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1997 74 508.
*  Keywords
 Organic Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Acid-Base Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 July 28, 1999
June 23, 2005
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