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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2005  > February  >
Research: Science and Education
Electronegativity and the Bond Triangle
Terry L. Meek and Leah D. Garner
Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
Cover
February 2005
Vol. 82 No. 2
p. 325
Abstract
The dependence of bond type on two parameters, electronegativity difference (Δχ) and average electronegativity (χav), is examined. It is demonstrated that ionic character is governed by the partial charges of the bonded atoms, and metallic character by the HOMO–LUMO band gap. Each of these depends in a different way on both χ and χav, and the nature of the dependence allows rationalization of the variation of bond type. For compounds with other than 1:1 stoichiometry it is shown that weighted average electronegativity—defined for AnBm as (nχA + mχB)/(n + m)—allows distinction between compounds of the same elements and is a more appropriate parameter to use. The position of a binary compound in the bond triangle gives a good indication of the predominant type of bonding, although most bonds are intermediate between ideal types.
Supplement
A list of the substances specified as being one predominate type or an intermediate type are available.
*  Contents JCE2005p0325W.doc (Microsoft Word)
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*  Citation
 Meek, Terry L.; Garner, Leah D. J. Chem. Educ. 2005 82 325.
*  Keywords
 Atomic Properties / Structure; Bonding Theory; Chemical Education Research; Main-Group Elements
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 January 4, 2005
January 12, 2005
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